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Мастерская Миусского трамвайного депо

The Workshop is the oldest building of the Miusskoye Tram Depot. It has survived from the times of the Miussky Horse-Drawn Line Depot and in the 20th century has been integrated in the new complex.

Мастерская Миусского трамвайного депо
Мастерская Миусского трамвайного депо
The Workshop is the oldest building of the Miusskoye Tram Depot. It has survived from the times of the Miussky Horse-Drawn Line Depot and in the 20th century has been integrated in the new complex.
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Архитектурный стиль:
Годы постройки:
1874, 1880-е, 1926
Архитекторы:
Н.К. Жуков, М.Н. Глейнинг, Н.А. Сытенко
Эпоха:
19th century, 1920s
Информация о здании

Мастерская для ремонта вагонов – самое старинное здание Миусского трамвайного парка. Оно служило еще городской конке и сохранилось от первоначального комплекса зданий Миусского парка конно-железных дорог, заложенного на этом месте в 1874 году. С этой, функциональной, точки зрения, здание уникально для Москвы: других объектов, непосредственно связанных с конно-железными дорогами и вообще общественным транспортом «доэлектрической» эры, в реестрах городских памятников не значится. С 2017 года Мастерская – объект культурного наследия регионального значения, как и прочие здания комплекса.

Прямоугольное 2-этажное кирпичное здание с пристройками для сарая и кузницы было построено в 1876–1878 гг. Помимо мастерских, в нем размещались контора парка конно-железных дорог, сушильня для песка, кладовые и столовая. В ХХ веке здание перестраивалось, с 1950-х гг., после перепрофилирования трамвайного депо, служило для ремонта троллейбусов.

«Кирпичный стиль», характерный для промышленных архитектурных комплексов России последней четверти XIX столетия, позволяет зданию Мастерской органично вписаться в ансамбль Миусского трамвайного депо, большинство построек которого возведены в первое десятилетие ХХ века. Главный фасад, выходящий на Лесную улицу, украшен фронтоном над центральной частью, фризом, карнизом, лопатками. Фасадные окна имеют веерные перемычки. Некогда фасад был прорезан 4 воротами для въезда вагонов, но в ХХ веке двое ворот в центральной части фасада были объединены. В интерьере здание делилось рядами столбов-опор на прямоугольные секции. Освещалось оно через крышу – световыми фонарями.

В советское время большая часть фасадных окон были уменьшены или заложены, кровля со световыми фонарями переделана в 1920-е годы. В интерьерах сохранились чугунная лестница начала 1920-х годов, метлахская плитка на полах.

При реставрации и приспособлении Мастерской под ресторанные помещения популярного «фудкорта» в 2017–2019 годах, согласно проекту, сохранены исторические габариты здания, восстановлены детали декоративного убранства фасадных стен, вычинены поврежденные участки кладки фасадов, отремонтированы кровли. Мастерская, как и весь комплекс, служит примером удачного преобразования «старого прома» для новых нужд горожан.

The car repair workshop is the oldest building of the Miusskoye Tram Depot. The Workshop was used to repair horse trams and survived as a part of the original compound of the Miussky Horse Drawn Lines established here in 1874. In terms of functionality, this building is unique in Moscow: there are no other objects on the City Monument Register that are directly related to horse drawn transport or to any municipal transport of the pre electricity era. In 2017, the Workshop has become a cultural heritage site of regional significance along with the other buildings of the complex. The rectangular two storey brick building with two outbuildings — a shed and a blacksmith shop — was built in 1876 1878. Beside workshops, there was an office of the horse drawn tram line, sand drying chamber, storerooms and a canteen. In the 20th century, the building has undergone several reconstructions; in 1950s, following the adaptation for the tram depot, it served for trolleybuses maintenance. The "brick style" typical for the Russian industrial architecture of the fourth quarter of the 19th century makes the Workshop building blend seamlessly with the ensemble of the Miusskoye Tram Depot most of which buildings have been built in the early 20th century. The main facade along the Lesnaya Street is decorated with a pediment in the central part, a frieze, a cornice and lesenes. Windows on the facade have fan shape lintels. Initially, there were four gateways for tramcars; however, in the 20th century two middle gateways have been made one. The building interior used to be divided into rectangular sections by rows of supporting pillars. Daylight used to come through skylights in the roof. During the Soviet times, most of the facade windows have been either made smaller or mured up, the roof with its skylights has been rebuilt in the 1920s. In the interiors, a cast iron staircase dating back to 1920s and sandstone tiled floors have survived. Within the 2017 2019 project for the Workshop restoration and adaptation for restaurant, historical dimensions of the building have been preserved, the decor details on the facade recreated, damaged sections of brickwork on the facades mended, and roof repaired. The Workshop as well as the entire complex is an example of accomplished transformation of an old industrial facility in order to meet new needs of the citizen. Konstantin Mikhailov
Автор статьи: Константин Михайлов
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