Интерактивный гид по городу
С мобильным приложением бродить по городу гораздо интереснее!

Yusupov’s chambers

This tower from old Russian fairy tale near the Garden Ring is covered with legends.

Yusupov’s chambers
Yusupov’s chambers
Большой Харитоньевский переулок, дом 21, строение 4
This tower from old Russian fairy tale near the Garden Ring is covered with legends.
4.00
Вы можете воспользоваться QR-кодом, чтобы открыть эту страницу в нашем приложении
Архитектурный стиль:
Годы постройки:
XVI-XVII века
Архитекторы:
В.Д. Померанцев
Эпоха:
16th century, 17th century
История

На рубеже XVI и XVII веков, на окраине Москвы, появился красавец терем, известный ныне как палаты бояр Волковых. По легенде, эти палаты принадлежали царю Ивану IV Васильевичу и служили его охотничьим дворцом. Вероятно, в конце XVII века Пётр I подарил терем своему сподвижнику Петру Шафирову. 15 сентября 1727 г. они перешли во владение князя Г. Д. Юсупова и принадлежали его роду в течение 190 лет. 

Архитектурный ансамбль каменных палат формировался веками и представляет собой несколько отдельных теремов на подклетах с сенями и наружными крыльцами. В XVIII веке при князе Николае Борисовиче Юсупове усадьба была значительно расширена: разбит сад с оранжереями, устроен известный Юсуповский театр. В 1801-1803 годах во втором этаже левого флигеля Юсуповского терема снимал квартиру отец Пушкина Сергей Львович. Маленький Саша Пушкин гулял с няней в юсуповском саду. 

В XIX веке дворец стал для Юсуповых родовым гнездом и парадной резиденцией. Здание несколько раз перестраивали и реконструировали. Над ним работали архитекторы Николай Султанов и Виктор Померанцев. Отдельные западное и восточное строения соединили между собой каменным переходом, корпуса дополнили пристройками, возвели третий этаж и парадное крыльцо. 

После революции здание национализировали. С 1929 года в здании находился президиум ВАСХНИЛ — Академии сельскохозяйственных наук, здесь были рабочие места Николая Вавилова и Александра Чаянова.

The most stable legend says that these chambers belonged to Tsar Ivan IV Vasilievich and were his hunting palace. And allegedly led from it an underground passage through which Ivan The Terrible, disguised as a smerdy, was chosen secretly "into the people" to listen to gossip about himself. There is no documentary evidence for this. One thing is certain: at the turn of the XVI and XVII centuries (it dates back to this period of the oldest part of the monument, basement at the right when viewed from the side of the lane) this handsome tower already stood on the outskirts of Moscow. It’s true story belongs to a later era. Probably at the end of XVII century, Peter I gave the tower to his associate, the diplomat, the vice -chancellor Baron Peter Shafirov. He hosted the Tsar here in 1723. There is a record in the stowed Journal of Peter I about it. In the same year, the owner of the estate was another close associate of Peter's - the chief of the Secret Chancellery, Count Pyotr Andreyevich Tolstoy. During the Peter II times Tolstoy was sent to Solovki, as the House moved to the closest aide of Prince Menshikov, the Chief Secretary to the Military Board Alexei Volkov. He owned them less than a year, but the house is often referred to by his name - "House of Boyar Volkov". Although Volkov was never granted the Boyar title. After the fall of Menshikov's, Volkov was taken the mansion away. Peter II granted it to his trusted man, lieutenant colonel of the Preobrazhensky Regiment Gregory Yusupov - Knyajevo. Since then and until the Revolution the palace was in the Yusupov family. The architectural ensemble of stone houses evolved over the centuries and is a more individual building on the basements, with a lobby and outdoor porches. In the XVIII century, during Prince Nikolai Yusupov time estate was substantially expanded. There was a garden with greenhouses, Yusupov theater known across Moscow was arranged. Opposite the palace, in a special house, secular receptions were arranged. In 1801-03, on the second floor of the left wing of Yusupovsky's house, Pushkin's father Sergei Lvovich hired an apartment. The future poet walked in the Yusupov garden. Good relations with N.B. Yusupov Pushkin supported in adulthood as well. Manor was rebuilt several times. Western part of the chambers was rebuilt, facade decor changed while stylized by the XVII century fashion, the internal layout was modified and chambers were built on the third floor in the late nineteenth century by the architect V. Pomerantsev. In the 1890s, on the initiative of Princess Zinaida Nikolayevna, the architect P. Sultanov restored the external appearance of the chambers and created interiors of the main halls of the second floor. The roofs became steeper, and their slopes were painted "into chess." The facades were polychrome in color in the interiors. A new front porch is attached to the courtyard. The house was re-made all the stoves and covered with genuine antique tiles. After the revolution, the house was seized by the anarchists, then the museum of court life was arranged here, then the house was given to the Military History Museum. Since 1928, the building was used by several organizations. Later the Agricultural Academy was here, whose successor is the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. In the second half of the 2000s, "Spetsproektrestavratsiya" institute conducted the restoration work. The palace was returned the approximate pre-revolutionary look. Now the museum "House of Volkov-Yusupov" occupies part of the building.
Реставрация

В 1929 и 1946 гг. в палатах проводились частичные реставрационные работы.

Во второй половине 2000-х годов была проведена реставрация по проекту института «Спецпроектреставрация», вернувшая дворцу вид, который он имел до революции. Реставрация по проекту В. Д. Шмыкова включала в себя: ремонт южного открытого крыльца с вычинкой кирпичной кладки стены и заменой разрушенных белокаменных ступеней. По северному фасаду была восстановлена разрушенная пристройка конца XIX века. Реставраторы разобрали позднейшие глухие стены проездной арки. Деревянные конструкции крыши были укреплены, кровля заменена, дымники восстановлены.

Реставрация коснулась и интерьеров. Была раскрыта заложенная в советский период каменная лестница. По сохранившимся остаткам было восстановлено её чугунное ограждение. В помещениях заменили паркетные и каменные полы. Были отреставрированы восемь изразцовых печей. Особое значение имела реставрация росписей стен и сводов в большой крестовой палате (тронный зал), сенях, «китайской» гостиной, парадной лестнице, трапезной, прихожей, гербовой, портретной комнате, кабинете Юсупова, медальонной комнате. Также был восстановлен интерьер домовой церкви.

В 2011 году проект реставрации стал лауреатом конкурса «Московская реставрация».

С 2020 году памятник архитектуры находится в государственной собственности, его передали в оперативное управление музею-усадьбе «Архангельское». Дворец Юсуповых в Москве ждёт еще одна реставрация. После реставрации в палатах откроют музей.

Автор статьи: Алексей Дедушкин. Доработано Департаментом культурного наследия города Москвы.
Поделитесь статьей с друзьями
Интересное рядом(6)
Памятник С.А. ЧаплыгинуПамятник рядом с музеем-квартирой С. А. Чаплыгина.
Пересечение Б. Харитоньевский пер. с Малым.
Chistye_prudy
A. M. Vasnetsov Museum-apartmentThe memorial museum-apartment of the academician of painting A. M. Vasnetsov is a department of the State Tretyakov Gallery All-Russian Museum Association. It is located in Moscow, in Furmanny Lane, 6, in apartment №21–22, on the third floor of a four-story building. The house was built in the early twentieth century. From 1903 to 1933, a great Russian artist, Moscow historian A. M. Vasnetsov, who made a significant contribution to the history of the city and Russian art, lived, worked and died in this house. The formation of the museum and its collection took place over many years: from the moment the idea of organizing the museum in 1956 to its full implementation in 1997 began. In 1956, it was 100 years since the birth of Apollinaris Mikhailovich Vasnetsov. The Moscow public petitioned the RSFSR Ministry of Culture to re-create its home workshop. On December 13, 1957, the Decision of the Moscow City Executive Committee "On the reconstruction of the artist's memorial workshop" was made. The city authorities have provided enormous assistance in resolving this issue. In 1960, thanks to the efforts of the artist's son Vsevolod Apollinrievich and his wife Ekaterina Konstantinovna Vasnetsov, a memorial workshop was opened to the public, in which the artist had been working for the past 15 years. In 1965, the Vasnetsovs transferred the large rooms to the museum exposition, while they themselves moved into the small ones. In 1986, by order of the USSR Ministry of Culture, the museum of A. M. Vasnetsov became part of the State Tretyakov Gallery All-Russian Museum Association.The artist’s son and daughter-in-law decided to bequeath a collection of paintings, graphics, artistic furniture, a family archive, a library and household items of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to the state after his death. In 1997, under the will of E.K. Vasnetsova, all her property and apartment became the property of the State Tretyakov Gallery. Currently, the collection of the museum has about 8,5 thousand items. In 2003, a new exposition of the museum was opened, which introduces visitors to the home workshop, the memorial furnishings of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as well as the multi-faceted artistic work of Apollinarii Vasnetsov.
Moscow, Furmanny lane, 6
Chistye_prudy