Интерактивный гид по городу
С мобильным приложением бродить по городу гораздо интереснее!

Kadashevskaya Sloboda

Kadashevtsy were free from taxes. Freely traded and grew rich.

Kadashevskaya Sloboda
Kadashevskaya Sloboda
Кадашевский туп., 2, стр. 5
Polyanka, Tretyakovskaya, Novokuzneckaya

Kadashevtsy were free from taxes. Freely traded and grew rich.

Вы можете воспользоваться QR-кодом, чтобы открыть эту страницу в нашем приложении
Вид территории:
Districts, Иное
Расположение и происхождение

Кадашевская слобода находится на низком берегу Москвы-реки, ее название топонимически восходит к кадашам – мастерам, изготовлявшим кадушки и бочки. Впервые местность упомянута в духовной грамоте Ивана III как село Кадашево, а расцвет слободы приходится на время правления первых царей династии Романовых.

Исторический центр Кадашевской слободы находился у храма Косьмы и Дамиана Ассийских – сейчас на его месте газон у дома 4 на Б. Полянке. Потом центр несколько сместился: в конце 15 века был построен новый храм – предшественник нынешнего храма Воскресения в Кадашах, а 1-й Кадашевский переулок повторяет линию главной улицы нового ядра слободы – Воскресенской. В 17 веке слобода занимала совершенно особое положение: новый Воскресенский храм находился на одной линии от колокольни Ивана Великого к храму Вознесения в Коломенском, а статус его определялся порядком звона. Первым звонили в Кремле, потом звонил Кадашевский храм – а потом уже все остальные приходские церкви. В 16 веке к Кадашевской слободе с разных сторон подступили разросшиеся другие сильные слободы: Толмачевская, Голутвинская – а поблизости находились государевы Садовнические слободы. Таким образом, на низком берегу Москвы-реки, напротив Кремля возник некий сильный слободской центр, уравновешивающий аристократические улицы высокого берега.

Привилегированное положение слободы определялось принадлежностью государю. В 1613 году в слободе было учреждено ткацкое производство, а вскоре слобода стала «государевой хамовной» и стала поставлять узорчатые ткани, ювелирные украшения и другие предметы роскоши ко двору. Кадашевцы были свободны от налогов. Свободно занимались торговлей и богатели. Самой крупной постройкой слободы стал Хамовный двор, располагавшийся на месте домов 5-11 по нынешнему Старомонетному переулку – впоследствии двор стал Монетным. В самом конце 17 века строится современный храм Воскресения в Кадашах – заметный и очень богато украшенный. Тогда же строятся большие слободские храмы в Толмачах и в Пыжах – однако, политические условия изменяются, стрельцы (жители Пыжевской слободы) попадают в немилость после стрелецкого бунта, а новый царь Петр I предпочитает основать ткацкое производство в селе Преображенском, отказывая кадашевским ткачам в заказах и поддержке.

С переводом столицы в Петербург и запретом каменного строительства богатые замоскворецкие слободы пришли в упадок. Изменилась и структура застройки: патриархальная знать, не желавшая переезжать в новую столицу, скупала усадьбы на центральных улицах замоскворецких слобод, меняя масштаб строений. Поэтому слободской уклад жизни уже в 18 веке можно было найти только в глубине кварталов. С 16-18 веков до нас дошло как минимум три здания, имеющие в основе свое древние палаты. Это очень много для такого небольшого пятачка.

XIX - XXI в.

В конце 19 века наступил новый этап жизни слободы: позади храма Воскресения была выстроена колбасная фабрика Н. Григорьева, главная контора которой расположилась в старинном доме князей Оленевых. Усадьба Кологривовых была куплена Третьяковыми, сейчас галереей занят и дом, построенный для коллекции картин, и дом самого хозяина.

Генплан 1935 года предполагал строительство широкой магистрали от Останкино до Серпуховского шоссе. Согласно проекту, Кадашевская слобода должна была быть уничтожена, однако, генплан не был претворен в жизнь. Сейчас в Кадашах от старомосковской атмосферы, чувствовавшейся еще в 1990-х осталось мало: много новостроек, а на территории храма Воскресения до сих пор идет борьба за более гуманное по отношению к исторической части новое строительство.

Kadashevskaya settlement is located on the lower bank of the Moskva River, its name dates back to tomonimically Kadashi - masters, manufacturing vats and barrels. For the first time the area mentioned in the spiritual literacy Ivan III as a village Kadasheva and flourishing settlement falls on the reign of the first kings of the Romanov dynasty. The historic center of Kadashevskaya settlement was at the temple Cosmas and Damian Assiyskih - now in its place the lawn near the house 4 B. Polyanke. Then the center of slides at the end of the 15th century was built a new church - the predecessor of the present Church of the Resurrection in Kadashi and 1st Kadashevsky lane line repeats the main street of the new core settlement - Resurrection. In the 17th century settlement occupied a special position: new Resurrection Church was on one line from the Ivan the Great Bell to Church of the Ascension in Kolomenskoye, and the status of its defined procedures ringing. First called in the Kremlin, then called Kadashevsky temple - and then all the other parish churches. In the 16th century to the Kadashevskaya Sloboda from different sides rushed overgrown other strong settlement: Tolmachevskaya, Golutvinsky - and is surrounded by sovereign horticultural settlement. Thus, the low bank of the Moskva River from the Kremlin emerged a strong suburban center, balancing aristocratic high street bank. Privileged position settlements determine the status of the emperor. In 1613 a settlement was established weaving, and soon the settlement was "sovereign hamovnoy" and began to supply diapers, jewelry and other luxury items to the court. Kadashevtsy were free from taxes. Freely traded and grew rich. The largest settlement building became Hamovny yard, located on the site of homes at the current 5-11 Staromonetny alley - subsequently became Mint yard. At the end of the 17th century built the modern Church of the Resurrection in Kadashi - noticeable and very ornate. Then build more temples in suburban Tolmachi and Pyzhi - but political conditions change, archers (residents Pyzhevskii settlement) fall out of favor after a riot musketeers, and the new Tsar Peter I prefer to set up weaving in the village of Transfiguration, denying Kadashevsky weavers in orders and support. With the transfer of the capital to St. Petersburg and the prohibition of stone building rich Zamoskvoretskaya settlement fell into disrepair. Changed the structure of building: patriarchal know, who did not want to move to the new capital, buying up the estate in the central streets Zamoskvoretskaya settlements, changing the scale of the buildings. Therefore, the suburban way of life in the 18th century could be found only in the depths of quarters. From ages 16-18 reached us at least three buildings have their basis in ancient chamber. That is a lot for such a small patch. In the late 19th century, a new stage of life settlement: behind the Church of the Resurrection was built sausage factory N. Grigoriev, head office which is located in an old house princes cervids. Kologrivov Manor was purchased Tretyakov Gallery is now busy and a house built for the collection of paintings, and the house of the owner. General Plan in 1935 involved the construction of a broad line of Ostankino to Serpukhov highway. According to the draft, Kadashevskaya settlement had to be destroyed, however, the master plan was not implemented. Now Kadashi of old Moscow atmosphere felt back in 1990 is low: a lot of new buildings, and in the Church of the Resurrection is still a struggle for a more humane in relation to the historical part of the new construction.

Автор статьи: Ася Аладжалова
Поделитесь статьей с друзьями
Интересное рядом(38)
Bolshaya Polyanka

The name of this street was given field.

Улица Большая Полянка
Polyanka, Dobryninskaya
Болотная наб. (сквер)
Tretyakovskaya, Novokuzneckaya
Most Ordinka

Here a road to the Golden Horde.

г. Москва, ул. Большая Ордынка
Polyanka, Dobryninskaya, Novokuzneckaya, Третьяковская (Калининская линия), Третьяковская (Калужско-Рижская линия)
Malaya Yakimanka

Derives its name from the Church of Joachim and Anna.

улица Малая Якиманка
Polyanka
Polyanka, Oktyabrskaya, Октябрьская (радиальная)
Malaya Polyanka

Long ago, here begins the field.

Улица Малая Полянка
Polyanka, Oktyabrskaya
Navy MuseumHistory of creation of the museum began on March, 4 1958, when the deputy minister of the Navy of the USSR signed an order “On the organization of the Maritime Fleet Exhibition in Moscow.” The exhibition opened on January, 12 1960 in the building of the temple of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin on Sretenka. The exposition reflected history and perspective of evolution of domestic sea transport and was very popular with Muscovites and guests of the capital. In 1989 the exhibition was transformed in the museum “Navy of the USSR”. In 1994, the museum moved to the premises of the DOSAAF Sea School on Admiral Makarov Street. In the period from 1994 to 2012, there was an exposition in 15 halls. In 2005, by order of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 5, No. 4-p, the museum was included in the list of 68 museums of federal significance. Since the end of 2012, the museum is located on Bolshaya Ordynka Street, 19, building 1. Now the museum is closed on reconstruction and doesn’t have opportunity to carry out exposition activity in full. Employees give exit lectures, excursions, quizzes and consultations on the history of the industry. The museum participates in exhibition activity. In July 2017, a permanent exhibition was opened in several halls of the museum. The exhibition illustrates the bright pages of the history of sea and river transport. The exhibits include authentic items from the Yermak icebreaker, models of ships from the sailboat to the atomic icebreaker, visual arts, memorial items, as well as new arrivals to the museum’s collection related to the maritime and river industry.
115035, Moscow, Bolshaya Ordynka Street, 19, building 1
Tretyakovskaya, Novokuzneckaya
Tropinin and Moscow Artists of His Time MuseumAmong many museums in Moscow, the Tropinin and Moscow Artists of His Time Museum is rightfully considered the most moscow museum. The museum building is in the past the main house of city merchant estate of 19th century, which was built after the fire of 1812 and one of the few surviving in Zamoskvorechye. The museum keeps works of art that is monuments of art culture of Moscow of the 18-19th centuries.

The museum was founded in 1969 by famous moscow collector F. E. Vishnevsky, who donated the estate and 250 works of painting, drawing and decorative arts. Over the year of its existence, the museum increased its collection more than 10 times and today it has one of the most significant collections of works by V. A. Tropinin – the founder of Moscow school of art. Also in the museum there are works of prominent artists of the past: I. Vishnyakov, A.P. Antropov, I.P. Argunov, F.S. Rokotov, D.G. Levitsky, O.A. Kiprensky, V.L. Borovikovsky, S.F. Shchedrin, I.K. Aivazovsky, A.N. Benoit, L.S. Baksta, I.I. Levitan, K.A. Korovin, A.M. Vasnetsov, V.D. Polenova, and etc.

A rich collection of graphics, especially portrait watercolor, is represented by such famous watercolorists as PF. Sokolov, V.I. Hau, A.P. Bryullov, K.I. Barda, and also the works of “rare” artists such as E. Krendovsky, L. Fisher, K. Hampeln, A. Strelkovsky.

Seclusion, which preserves the atmosphere of an old moscow house, is a distinctive feature of the museum. Theme of expositions and museum’s exhibitions, representing the art of Tropininsky time, is very attractive to visitors.

Information about ongoing exhibitions and events is available on the museum’s website:
http://www.museum-tropinina.ru

https://vk.com/va_tropinin
https://www.facebook.com/museumtropinin
https://www.instagram.com/tropinin_museum
Ivan the Terrible
First Tsar of All the Russias
Urban estate
Tretyakovskaya
Nemirov – Kolodkin’s house
Polyanka, Tretyakovskaya
Museum of Military History “Strelets Chambers”The Strelets Chambers Museum of Moscow Streltsy was opened in 2014 in the building of the Titovs' chambers, an architectural monument of the XVII-XVIII centuries, whose interiors and facade still retain their historical appearance. The first owner of the chambers was the clerk of the Order of the discharge, an approximate of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, Semyon Stepanovich Titov, after whom the building received its name. However, his family owned the house only until the middle of the XVIII century, and later the building owners constantly changed. In the 1930-1940s communal apartments were located here. In these apartments settled people who worked as a staff in the House of Writers, which was built near earlier. In 2014, exhibition halls opened in the building of the chambers. In November 2015, the Museum of Military History of the Russian Military Historical Society "Strelets Chambers" was opened here. The full owners of the Strelets Chambers are the archers, whom the main exposition of the museum is dedicated. Multimedia expositions "Moscow Archers" and "Servicemen of the Moscow State" tell the story of the first regular army of Russia and the development of the national armed forces in the XVII century. The exposition presents armaments, rare archival documents, large-scale installations and models, reconstructions of uniforms, supplemented with artistic paintings and multimedia panoramas. Everyone will be able to feel like a real archer, charging a musquet (gun), learning to play the drum or a letter according to the Old Russian canons. Also in the "Strelets Chambers" are exhibitions on military-historical topics, regular events: meetings, academic lectures, creative evenings, holidays and cultural marathons, such as "Night at the Museum", "Library Night" and "Night of the Arts”.
Lavrushinsky lane, house 17, building 1
Tretyakovskaya, Novokuzneckaya
Лаврушинский переулок, д. 10
Tretyakovskaya