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A.V.Demidov Mansion

Combination of styles showing fine style and sense of proportion allows us to consider this mansion an outstanding example of the turn-of-the-century Moscow architecture.

A.V.Demidov Mansion
A.V.Demidov Mansion
Садовая-Кудринская ул., дом 17, стр. 1
Barrikadnaya, Mayakovskaya
Combination of styles showing fine style and sense of proportion allows us to consider this mansion an outstanding example of the turn-of-the-century Moscow architecture.
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Архитектурный стиль:
Годы постройки:
1912
Архитекторы:
К.С. Разумов
Эпоха:
1910s
Информация о здании

Участком на месте нынешних домов 17–25 по Садовой-Кудринской улице в XVIII столетии владел князь И.В.Одоевский. В 1850-х годах хозяйкой участка № 17 была девица Пономарева, у нее снимал квартиру статский советник, автор «Ледяного дома» И.И.Лажечников.

Небольшой уютный особняк выделяется в общем ряде застройки и неизбежно привлекает внимание прохожих, в первую очередь, из-за так называемого щипца на центральном ризалите: именно он придает зданию готический, несколько загадочный облик. Между тем, постройку нельзя назвать полностью готической: скорее, можно говорить об эклектике. Сложный ассиметричный объем здания, размер и форма окон, декоративная мозаика – приметы модерна. При этом полукруглые завершения некоторых окон и декоративные колонны, опирающиеся на сказочных зверей – черты псевдороманского стиля. Такое сочетание, выполненное с превосходным вкусом, деликатностью и чувством меры, позволяет назвать произведение архитектора К.С.Разумова замечательным образцом московского особняка начала XX века.

Построен он был в 1911-1912 гг. для купца и льнопромышленника Александра Васильевича Демидова (1872–1947). Он происходил из семьи вязниковских купцов-фабрикантов Демидовых. Родился в селе Мстёра Вязниковского уезда, владел там же фабрикой. А в 1906 г. стал первым председателем учрежденного в Москве всероссийского общества льнопромышленников. Александр Васильевич не имел отношения к знаменитой фамилии дворян Демидовых. Но зато имел отношение к очень громкой истории развода, длившейся почти двадцать лет.

Дело в том, что отец владельца этого особняка – Василий Васильевич Демидов (1848–1900) был крутого нрава и до самой смерти не давал развода своей жене Марии Андреевне Демидовой (1850–1914), матери владельца особняка. С просьбой помочь Мария Андреевна обратилась к знаменитому адвокату Федору Плевако, который в нее влюбился.

В результате она стала сначала его любовницей и вместе с пятью своими детьми переехала к Плевако, а впоследствии они поженились. 

В особняке на Садовой-Кудринской Александр Васильевич Демидов прожил недолго – лет пять. После революции он эмигрировал во Францию. Есть информация, что был делегатом Российского Зарубежного съезда 1926 г. в Париже от русской эмиграции, членом Российского торгово-промышленного и финансового союза. В 1929 г. на собрании Союза сделал доклад об экономическом развитии России после большевизма. Умер в Париже в 1947 г., могила не известна. Ну а дом в центре Москвы был национализирован. Там сначала был детский сад, потом «Автодор», а теперь – посольство Пакистана.

The plot that now is occupied by buildings 17 to 25 on Sadovaya Kudrinskaya, in the late 18th century belonged to Prince I.V.Odoevsky. In 1850s, the plot No. 17 was owned by spinster Ponomariova who let an apartment to state councilor I.I.Lazhechnikov, author of The Ice House.

The small and cozy mansion stands out of the rest of the buildings and is catching eye of passers by primarily by its so called fastigium of the central avantcorps: it gives the building a Gothic and somewhat mysterious air. The building though cannot be considered properly Gothic, it is rather an example of eclecticism. The building’s complex and asymmetric mass, windows' size and shape, decorative mosaic panels — all these are the elements of the Art Nouveau architecture. While semicircular tops of some windows and decorative columns resting upon grotesque animal sculptures are typical features of the pseudo Romanesque style. Such a combination of styles showing fine style and sense of proportion allows us to consider this oeuvre by architect K.S.Razumov an outstanding example of a turn of the century Moscow mansion.

The house was built in 1911–1912 for merchant and flax manufacturer Alexander V. Demidov (1872–1947). He was born to the prominent Demidov family of merchants and manufacturers from Viazma. The village of Mstiora in the Viazma district was his birthplace; there was one of his flax mills, too. In 1906, he was elected the first Chairman of the newly established All Russian Society of Flax Manufacturers based in Moscow. Alexander Demidov was not related to the other famous family of the noble Demidovs. However, he got himself involved in a sensational divorce case that took almost twenty years.

His father Vasily Demidov (1848–1900) had quite a temper and up to his death refused to divorce his wife Maria Demidova (1850–1914), mother of the house owner. Desperate Maria Andreyevna asked a famous lawyer Fiodor Plevako to take up her divorce case; he though fell in love with her. As a result, she became Plevako's lover and moved in with him with all five of her children. Later Demidova and Plevako got married.

Alexander V. Demidov spent quite a short period of his life in the mansion on Sadovaya Kudrinskaya, no more than five years. After the revolution, he had to leave Russia for France. Some sources have it that he was among the delegates at the Congress of the Russians Abroad in 1926 in Paris and a member of the Russian Trade, Industry and Finance Union. In 1929, he made a presentation on Russia's economic development under the Bolsheviks at one of the Union's session. He died in 1947 in Paris; the whereabouts of his grave is unknown. The mansion in the very heart of Moscow was nationalized. First, it housed a kindergarten, then the road management agency; nowadays it is occupied by the Pakistan Embassy.

Evgenia Tvardovskaya
Автор статьи: Евгения Твардовская
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