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S.A.Tarasov – A.I.Bakakin Mansion

Stucco molded decor on the ceilings, marvelous gilded mirrors and exquisite antique furniture with bulbous legs and silk upholstery have survived in the building's interiors.

S.A.Tarasov – A.I.Bakakin Mansion
S.A.Tarasov – A.I.Bakakin Mansion
Малая Никитская ул., дом 28/1, стр. 1
Krasnopresnenskaya, Barrikadnaya
Stucco molded decor on the ceilings, marvelous gilded mirrors and exquisite antique furniture with bulbous legs and silk upholstery have survived in the building's interiors.
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Архитектурный стиль:
Годы постройки:
1884, 1911
Архитекторы:
А.Э. Эрихсон, В.Н. Карнеев
Эпоха:
19th century, 1910s
Информация о здании

Этот дом на углу Вспольного переулка (ранее Георгиевского) сегодня более известен как дом Лаврентия Берии. Нарком внутренних дел СССР, куратор «атомного проекта», и правда жил здесь вместе со своей семьёй с конца 1930-х по 1953 год.

Но, конечно же, биография владения начинается гораздо раньше. В краеведческой литературе указано, что в середине XVIII века на углах переулка с Малой Никитской и Спиридоновкой находились «пустыри безгласные», т. е. никому не принадлежавшие... После сноса Земляного вала в 1810-е годы территорию начали осваивать, и на плане А. Хотева (середина XIX в.) угол Садовой-Кудринской, Малой Никитской и Георгиевского переулка уже показан застроенным. В 1860–1870-х годах усадьба принадлежала А. Д. Засецкому. Со стороны Георгиевского переулка его участок находился как раз напротив церкви Георгия на Всполье – той самой, где венчался П. И. Чайковский и на месте которой в советское время был выстроен «Дом радиовещания и звукозаписи».

В 1882 г. владельцем участка становится Степан Алексеевич Тарасов. В 1884 г. для него строится дом по проекту архитектора В. Н. Карнеева. В 1885 году С. А. Тарасов полгода, с 28 марта по 19 сентября, исполнял должность городского головы, но заболел и вышел в отставку.

Последним владельцем усадьбы перед революцией был инженер Александр Бакакин, женатый на Ольге Миндовской (из династии известных фабрикантов). Пользовались особняком они недолго: Бакакин умер в 1913 году, а в следующем году не стало его супруги.

По заказу А. Бакакина архитектор Адольф Эрнестович Эрихсон перестраивает владение. Зодчий создаёт неоклассический ансамбль, который включает в себя особняк хозяев с садом, а также доходный дом с квартирами, сдаваемыми внаём. Доходный дом выходил в сторону переулка.

Планировка главного дома усадьбы типична для начала XX века. На второй этаж ведёт лестница из цельного мрамора. Её украшают консоли с бронзовыми мифологическими овнами. Когда-то они держали ещё и подсвечники, исчезнувшие в советское время. Длинную парадную анфиладу в XX веке перепланировали, сделав более компактные и скромные пространства. Сохранились роскошные золочёные зеркала, лепнина на потолках и изысканная старинная мебель с ножками-луковицами и шёлковой обивкой.

Сейчас в здании размещается посольство Туниса.

This house at the corner of the Vspolny Lane (former Georgiyevsky Lane) today is commonly known as Lavrenty Beria's House. Indeed, the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR , supervisor of the nuclear project lived there with his family from the late 1930s to 1953. On June 26, 1953, he was arrested right there and taken to prison where on December 23 of the same year he was executed in the yard of the Moscow Military Command Headquarters.

But, of course, the history of the property goes much further back. Various local historical sources specify that in the middle of the 18th century, at the Lane's corners with the Malaya Nikitskaya and the Spiridonovka streets there were waste lands, i.e. they did not belong to anyone... After the demolition of the Earthen Wall (Zemlyanoy Val) in the 1810s, the area’s development began. The A.Khotev's Plan (mid 19th century) already showed some buildings at the corner of Sadovaya Kudrinskaya, Malaya Nikitskaya and the Georgiyevsky Lane. In the 1860–1870s, the mansion belonged to A.D.Zasetsky. On the Georgiyevsky Lane side, his land plot was facing the St. George Church at Vspolye, the one where Piotr Tchaikovsky got married and where the Radio and Sound Records House was built in the Soviet times.

In 1882, Stepan A.Tarasov bought the land plot. In 1884, a house designed by architect V.N.Karneyev was built for him. In 1885, for six months from March 28 to September 19, S.A.Tarasov served as the city mayor but then he got ill and retired.

The last owner of the mansion before the revolution was engineer Alexander Bakakin whose wife was Olga Mindovskaya (from a famous manufacturers' family). They did not enjoy their stay in the mansion for long: Bakakin died in 1913; one year later his widow followed him.

A.Bakakin commissioned architect Adolf E.Erichson to redesign the mansion. The architect designed a neoclassical ensemble that included a master house with the garden and a tenement building with apartments to let. The tenement building was facing the lane.

The layout of the main house of the mansion is typical for the early 20th century. A solid marble staircase leads to the first floor. It is decorated with consoles with bronze mythological rams. Once they also used to support chandeliers that got lost in the Soviet times. The long formal suite of rooms was redesigned in the 20th century, divided into more compact and modest rooms. Marvelous gilded mirrors, stucco molding on the ceilings and exquisite antique furniture with bulbous legs and silk upholstery have survived.

Nowadays, the Embassy of Tunisia is occupying the building.

Evgenia Tvardovskaya
Автор статьи: Евгения Твардовская
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