13 Pyatnitskaya street

Здание по адресу Пятницкая улица, дом 13, представляет собой уникальный архитектурный памятник. Основу здания составляют палаты, построенные в конце XVII — начале XVIII века. Они являлись частью купеческой усадьбы, расположенной на углу Пятницкой улицы и Большого Овчинниковского переулка. Археологические исследования и натурные зондажи, проведённые в XX веке, показали, что первоначальные стены здания были возведены около 1730–1740 годов, что подтверждается кладкой из большемерного кирпича и сводчатыми потолками.

Первые упоминания о здании на этом участке датируются планом Москвы 1766 года, где дом значится как двор и сад, принадлежащий купцу первой гильдии Петру Алексеевичу Замятнину. Серьезные повреждения постройка получила в результате пожара 1812 года, когда были утрачены многие элементы первоначального декора. В ходе последующей перестройки палаты приобрели новый фасад в стиле классицизма. Мезонин и оформление фасада соответствовали этому строгому и сдержанному стилю. На фасаде здания можно увидеть характерное для этого периода полукруглое окно на фронтоне. 

Здание стоит далеко от красной линии улицы, перед ним располагался большой курдонер, типичный для усадеб той эпохи. Курдонер отделял усадьбу от проезжей части, создавая ощущение уединения и защищённости. Эта особенность сохранилась и по сей день: здание отделено от улицы небольшим сквером.

Building 13 on Pjatnickaja street is the main house of the manor, which is based on the chambers built in the end of XVII - beginning of the XVIII century and rebuilt in the first half of the XIX century. Courtyard and garden of the first guild merchant Pyotr Alexeyevich Zamyatnin is at this place on the plan of Moscow as of 1766. However, the House stood here before and was part of the merchant's manor, located at the corner of Pjatnitskaya and Bolshaya Ovchinnikovskaya alley . Generally, homes in this part of Moscow belonged to the merchants and bourgeois classes at that time. Syeziy dvor (motel) was located here in 1805 to 1809 and the house was not rebuilt at this time. Radical restructuring of the building occurred after the fire in 1812, when the house acquired the look it has today. Street facade of the building has no decorations. The only detail that draws attention is a semi-circular window on the front gable of the house. There is the same pediment on the back part of the house which corresponds to the architectural canons of classicism. Main House of the manor repeats the layout of the house of merchant Zamyatnina, their rectangular volume is extended parallel to the street line. In the XVIII century in front of the house was a large courtyard (courtyard), and the manor was fenced with a classic fence. The house still stands far from the red line and is separated from the roadway by a small square. Externally, the house stands out a little from the overall development of the street. The absence of decor, smooth plastered walls draw any attention. However, for professionals this home was always interesting. The thickness of the walls and powerful cellar vaults stated that the building was built in the XVII century. The fact that the house was originally a two-story building could be proofed by the laying of brick and vaulted ceilings are found on the second floor of the building. Also there was a wide interstorey belt noticeable on the facade along Bolshaya Ovchinnikovskaya lane under the layers of plaster which was a characteristic of the two-storey chambers. Down in the south- western part of the house there is a large Pillar Chamber, subsequently divided by partitions, as well as its corresponding area on the second floor of the room. Old door moldings of the classical era retained from the classical period into the Soviet times on the second floor of the building. Restoration of the house allowed opening a row of windows on the main facade for public viewing of the building in late 1990s. They were expanded during the later alterations. Now this house could not be called ordinary and inexpressive. There are rumors that restorers discovered the treasure in the chimney of the second floor.