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Mokhovaya Street

Once it was traded moss to seal cracks in the huts.

Mokhovaya Street
Mokhovaya Street

Once it was traded moss to seal cracks in the huts.

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Вид территории:
Streets and boulevards
Расположение и происхождение

Моховая улица одна из самых центральных улиц Москвы. Она начинается от Боровицкой площади, идет параллельно Александровскому саду и заканчивается у Тверской улицы и Манежной площади. Ее продолжением является улица Охотный ряд. А первоначально она начиналась у пересечения улиц Знаменки и Волхонки.

Свое необычное название улица получила в XVII столетии, благодаря располагавшемуся здесь Торговому ряду, основным товаром которого был мох для заделывания щелей в избах. Сначала "моховой" стали называть площадь перед Троицкими воротами Кремля вдоль берега Неглинной, где торговали мхом, (на этом месте теперь расположено здание Манежа), а позже и всю улицу.

В первой половине XV века в начале улицы находился загородный двор великой княгини Софьи Витовтовны. Теперь на этом месте стоит «Пашков Дом» и комплекс Российской Государственной библиотеки.

В 1565 году в середине Моховой улицы, между Воздвиженкой и Большой Никитской, на месте уничтоженного пожаром двора князя Черкасского построен Опричный двор царя Ивана IV Грозного. В 1571 двор сгорел во время нашествия крымского хана. Ученые установили его местоположение по речному песку, на который наткнулись строители метро в 1930-е годы. Теперь на этом месте находится Новый Корпус университета с церковью Св. Татьяны, сейчас факультет Журналистики.


XIX - XXI в.

В 1823-1825 годах на месте бывшей Моховой площади было построено здание Манежа.

К концу XIX века улица уже приняла тот вид, который нам более или менее знаком. В 1930-х Моховую реконструировали, тогда были снесены все здания Архива Министерства иностранных дел и Румянцевского музея вплоть до дома Пашкова. На их месте построено новое здание Библиотеки имени В.И. Ленина (ныне РГБ). На месте церкви Георгия в 1932-1943 гг. возведён жилой дом в духе «классика Палладио» (д. 16) архитектором И.В. Жолтовским. С правой стороны Моховую пересекают улицы Тверская, Большая Никитская, Воздвиженка и Знаменка, слева к ней прилегают Манежная площадь и Боровицкая площадь.

В 1961 году из трех улиц Моховой, Охотного Ряда и Театрального проезда сделали одну длинную - проспект Маркса. А в 1990 году все названия вернули назад.

Mokhovaya Street is one of the central streets in Moscow. It starts from Borovitskaya area, runs parallel to the Alexander Garden and ends at Tverskaya street and Manezh Square. Its continuation is the street Ryad. And initially it began at the intersection of Znamenka and Volkhonka. Its unusual name street was in the XVII century, is located here because of a number of Trade, the main product of which was the moss for sealing cracks in huts. First, "Mokhovaya" started to call the area before the Trinity gates of the Kremlin along the coast Neglinnoy where traded moss (at this place now is a building of an arena), and later the whole street. In 1961, three streets Mokhovaya, Okhotny and theatrical journey made one long - Marx Prospect. And in 1990, all the names were returned. In the first half of the XV century in the beginning of the street was a country courtyard of the Grand Duchess Sophia Vitovtovna. Now at this point is "Pashkov House» [http://um.mos.ru/houses/dom_pashkova/] and the complex of the Russian State Library [http://um.mos.ru/houses/biblioteka_im_v_i_lenina/]. In 1565, in the middle of Mokhovaya Street, between Vozdvizhenka and Nikitskaya on the site destroyed by fire yard Prince Cherkassky built Oprichny yard Tsar Ivan IV the Terrible. In 1571 the yard was burned during the invasion of the Crimean Khan. Scientists have found its location on the river sand, which ran underground builders in the 1930s. Now this place is a new building with the University Church of St. Tatiana, now the Faculty of Journalism. In the years 1823-1825 on the site of the former Mokhovaya Square was built Manezh [http://um.mos.ru/houses/manezh/]. By the end of XIX century the street has already taken the view that we are more or less familiar. In 1930 Mokhovaya reconstructed, while all the buildings were demolished Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Rumyantsev Museum until Pashkov House. In their place a new building named after VI Libraries Lenin (now the Russian State Library). At the site of the church George in 1932-1943 gg. erected a house in the spirit of "classic Palladian" (d. 16) by the architect IV Zholtovsky [http://um.mos.ru/personalities/15608/]. On the right side cross Mokhovaya street Tverskaya, Nikitskaya, Vozdvizhenka and Znamianka left adjacent to it Manezh Square and Borovitskaya area.

Автор статьи: Ирина Левина
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